Factors Determining the Efficiency of Lithographic Inks

The rate of emulsification theory and the laboratory test deduced from it has become a useful tool for the industry. Problems in reproducing results are discussed and remedies suggested. It is shown that the emulsification curves relate to the rates of change in the emulsified ink's flow properties, to the shear stability of the emulsion formed, to ink tack increase and to ink transference, mist and sling. It is shown that the emulsification curves relate to the rates of change in the emulsified ink's flow properties, to the shear stability of the emulsion formed, to ink tack increase and to ink transference, mist and sling. The effects of the dampening solution's pH and electrical conductivity on the emulsification rate are investigated, together with the effects of alcohol or alcohol substitute addition to the dampening solution (ds). It is suggested that electromagnetic phenomena determine the preferential wetting of surfaces on the press. Finally, the discussed ink/ds parameters are put in relation to commercial efficiency.